@article{oai:dmu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005358,
 author = {Tanaka, Yoshihiro and Takigawa, Tomoji and Synmyo, Kei and Anazawa, Toru and Matsumoto, Yoshiyuki and Fujii, Yoshiko and Kanaya, Takahiro and Nariai, Yasuhiko and Sugiura, Yoshiki and Kawamura, Yosuke and Suzuki, Ryotaro and Takano, Issei and Hyodo, Akio and Nagaishi, Masaya and Suzuki, Kensuke},
 issue = {4},
 journal = {Dokkyo Medical Journal},
 month = {Dec},
 note = {Introduction: Embolus due to plaque rupture is a risk of cerebral infarction for carotid artery stenting (CAS). Female have been controversial as a risk factor for cardiovascular interventions in recent years. MMP-9 has been previously reported to be associated with acute ischemic stroke and to be a potential marker for arteriosclerosis.

Therefore, this paper aimed to investigate the gender difference of embolic complications for CAS using MMP-9.

Material and Methods: We analyzed 46 consecutive cases of CAS performed with distal balloon protection, including 34 males and 12 females. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -9 were measured before and after CAS. Embolic events were examined in Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) on MRI the next day after CAS.

Results: 13 cases (28.3%) had DWI-positive findings after CAS, and these results showed a significant gender difference (female 58.3% vs. male 17.6%, p < 0.05). Pre-CAS MMP-9 was significantly higher in females than in males (661.7 vs. 428.1 ng/ml, p < 0.05).

Pre-CAS MMP-9 tended to be higher in DWI-positive cases than DWI-negative cases with no significant difference (676.9 vs. 415.0 ng/ml, p = 0.051).

Conclusion: High serum MMP-9 in female have correlation with DWI positive findings after CAS. We suggest that high serum MMP-9 have a risk of cerebral infarction for CAS. Considering the results, CAS should be carefully performed, especially in female.},
 pages = {292--298},
 title = {Serum MMP-9 in Females Have Higher Correlation with DWI-Positive Findings for Carotid Artery Stenting than in Males},
 volume = {1},
 year = {2022}
}